The House of York was a cadet branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. Three of its members became kings of England in the late 15th century. The House of York was descended in the male line from Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, the fourth surviving son of Edward III, but also represented Edward's senior line, being cognatic descendants of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, Edward III's second surviving son. It is based on these descents that they claimed the English crown. Compared with the House of Lancaster, it had a senior claim to the throne of England according to cognatic primogeniture but junior claim according to the agnatic primogeniture. The reign of this dynasty ended with the death of King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. It became extinct in the male line with the death of Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, in 1499.
Family tree[]
- Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York (1341-1402), m. Isabella of Castile (1355-1392) and Joan Holland (1380-1434):
- Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York (1373-1415), m. Beatrice of Portugal (1373-1420) and Philippa de Mohun (1367-1431),
- Constance of York (1374-1416), m. Thomas le Despenser,
- (Issue)
- Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (1385-1415), m. Anne Mortimer (1388-1411),
- Isabel of York (1409-1484), m. Sir Thomas Grey, and Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex,
- (Issue)
- Henry of York,
- Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York (1411-1460), m. Cecily Neville,
- Anne of York (1439-1476), m. Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter (1430-1475),
- (Issue)
- Edward IV, King of England (1442-1483), m. Elizabeth Woodville (1437-1492),
- Elizabeth of York, Queen of England, m. Henry VII, King of England (1457-1509),
- Mary of York (1467-1482),
- Cecily of York (1469-1507), Viscountess Welles, m. John Welles,
- Edward V, King of England (1470-1483?),
- Margaret of York (1472),
- Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (1473-1483?),
- Anne of York (1475-1511),
- George, Duke of Bedford (1477-1479),
- Catherine of York (1479-1527),
- Bridget of York (1480-1507),
- Elizabeth of York (1444-1503), m. John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (1442-1492),
- John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln
- Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk
- Margaret of York (1446-1503), m. Charles I, Duke of Burgundy (1433-1477),
- George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence (1449-1478), m. Isabel Neville (1451-1476),
- Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, (1473-1541) m. Sir Richard Pole (1462-1505),
- Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick (1475-1499),
- Richard III, King of England (1452-1485), m. Anne Neville (1456-1485),
- Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales (1473-1484),
- Anne of York (1439-1476), m. Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter (1430-1475),
- Isabel of York (1409-1484), m. Sir Thomas Grey, and Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex,
